Validity and Reliability of the Commuting Safety Management Practices Questionnaire

Abstract

Commuting accidents are a major contributor to worker fatalities and economic losses in Malaysia. Despite the seriousness of this issue, many organizations lack structured approaches to manage commuting risks. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the validation and reliability of the Commuting Safety Management Practices Questionnaire (CoSMaP-Q), an instrument designed to assess organizational practices in commuting safety. Content validation was carried out using a two-round modified Delphi method involved five road safety experts. In the first round, seven items with Content Validity Index (CVI) scores below 1.0 were revised, removed, or reclassified based on expert input. Five additional items were refined for clarity, one new item was added, and a new domain, “Continual Improvement,” was introduced. In the second round, the revised 28-item questionnaire achieved full consensus, with I-CVI, S-CVI/Ave, and S-CVI/UA scores of 1.00. To assess reliability, a pilot test was conducted with 30 organizations, resulted in an overall Cronbach’s Alpha value of 0.74, indicating acceptable internal consistency for the 28-item instrument. In conclusion, the CoSMaP-Q demonstrates strong content validity and acceptable reliability, offering a practical tool for assessing how organizations manage commuting safety. Its application includes evaluating the efficacy of pre- and post-intervention programs and establishing a foundation for future research in commuting safety management.